Vidura Niti Important

 

TRAYA EVADHANA RAAJAN BHARYAA DAASASTATHA SUTAH ||
YATTE SAMADHIGACHCHHANTI YASYA TE TASYA TADDHANAM ||

(Vidur says to king Dhritarashtra that wife, son and servant do not have the authority over the wealth, they earn because they themselves are under the authority of Husband, Father and Master respectively).

 

HARNAM CHA PARSWAANAAM PARDAARABHIMARSHANAM ||
SUHRIDASCHA PARITYAAGASTRAYO DOSHAH KSHAYAVAHAH ||

(One who takes away others wealth by deceit, developed intimacy with women other than his own wife and abandons a kind and gentle friend is doomed)

TRIVIDHAM NARKASYEDAM DWAARAM NAASHANMAATMANAH ||
KAAMAH KRODHASTATHA LOBHASTASMAADETATTRAYAM TYAJET ||

(KAAMA (LUST), KRODHA (ANGER) AND LOBHA (GREED) must be shunned by a man as these three destroy the AATMA (soul) and are the three doors of the Hell)

VARPRADAANAM RAAJYAM CHA PUTRAJANM CHA BHARAT ||
SHATROSHCHA MOKSHANAM KRICHCHHRAATTRIINI CHAIKAM CHA TATSAMAM ||

(The joys of getting a boon, acquiring a state and birth of a son even if combined cannot match the joy of being released from the ruthless clutches of an enemy)

DEVATANAM CHA SANKALPAMANUBHAVAM CHA DHEEMATAAM ||
VINAYAM KRITVIDDYAANAAM VINASHAM PAAPAKARMANAAM ||

(Resolution made to realize god, influence of an intelligent person, humility of a learned person and annihilation of the sinners give instant results)

ABANDONMENT AND ACCEPTANCE OF FOUR THINGS

CHATWARI RAAGYA TU MAHAABALEN, VARJYAANYAAHUH PANDITAASTAANI VIDDYAAT ||
ALPAPRAGYAI SAHA MANTRAM NA KURYANNA DEERGHASUTTRAI RABHASAISHCHAARNAISCCHA ||

 

(Vidur says to Yudhishtir that one must not take secret advice from an intelligent, a procrastinator, a man who is always in hurry and a false admirer. These four are worth abandoning for an emperor. A learned man must recognize these people)

CHATWARI TE TAAT GRIHE VASANTU SHRIYAABHI JUSHTASYA GRIHASTHADHARME ||
VRIDDHO GYATIRVASANNAH KULINAH SAKHA DARIDRO BHAGINI CHAANPATYAA ||

(Vidur says to Dhritarashtra ” O King, Goddess Laxmi showers blessings on such homes where senior most member of the family is protected, where a high caste man fallen in bad times, a money-less friend and a childless sister are given refuge and shelter)

FRIEND

ARCHAYEDEVA MITRANI SATI VAASATI VAA DHANE ||
NAANARTHAYAN PRAJAANAATI MITRAANAAM SAARPHALGUTTAM ||

(Whether one has or does not have wealth, he must be hospitable to his friends. One should never demand anything from their friends, trying to examine their worthiness)

USELESSNESS OF SORROW (SANTAAPA)

SANTAAPAAD BHRASHYATE ROOPAM ||
SANTAAPAADA BHRASHYATE BALAM ||
SANTAAPAADA BHRASHYATE GYAANAM ||
SANTAAPAADA VYAADHIMRICHCHHATI ||

(Sorrow destroys beauty (Roopa), Power (Balaa) is destroyed by SANTAAPA (sorrow), GYAN (KNOWLEDGE) is destroyed by sorrow. Due to sorrow, man becomes diseased (ROGI))

ANAVAAPYAM CHA SHOKEN SHAREERAM CHOPATAPYATE ||
AMITRAASHCHA PRAHRISHYANTI MAA SMA SHOKE MANAHKRITHAAH ||

(One does not get aspired things by mourning about it, it only causes pain to the body and ones enemies rejoice. Hence your heart should be free of sorrow)

SUKHAM CHA DUHKHAM CHA BHAVAABHAVOW CHA ||
LAABHAALAABHO MARANAM JEEVITAM ||
PARYAAYASHAH SARVAMETE SPRISHANTI ||
TASMAADA DHEERO NA CHA HRISHYENNA SHOCHET CHA ||

 

(Everyone undergoes the cycle of Joy- Sorrow, creation-destruction, gain-loss and life-death one by one. Hence a DHEERA (patient) man must not either be happy for them or mourn for them)

CAUTION

NA VISHVAASAAJJAATU PARASYA GEHE ||
GACCHENNARASCHETAYAANO VIKAALE ||
NA CHATVARE NISHI TISHTHENNIGOODHO ||
NA RAAJKAAMYAAM YOSHITAM PRARTHAYEETA||

(An alert man should never visit such a man’s home during the evenings who is untrustworthy. He should not try to hide himself at the cross road, in the night as there is a chance of getting caught and he should not try to acquire that woman in which the king is interested as there is a certainty of persecution)

EIGHT QUALITIES OF A MAN

ASHTAOW GUNAAH PURUSHAM DEEPAYANTI ||
PRAGYAA CHA KAOULYAM CHA SHRUTAM DAMASHCHA ||
PARAAKRAMASHCHAABAHUBHAASHITAA CHA ||
DAANAM YATHASHAKTI KRITAGYATAA CHA ||

(The following eight qualities increases the SHOBHA (splendour) of a man- BUDDHI (intelligence), KULINTAA (nobility), SHASTRAGYAAN-knowledge of scriptures, INDRIYANIGRAHA (control of the senses), PARAKRAMA (Bravery), Little talk, charity according to his ability and KRITAGYATAA (gratefulness)

ADVANTAGES OF BATHING DAILY

GUNAA DASHA SNAANSHEELAM BHAJANTE ||
BALAM ROOPAM SWARAVARNAPRASHUDDHIH ||
SPARSHASHCHA GANDHASHCHA VISHUDDHTAA CHA ||
SHRIH SAOUKUMAARYAM PRAVARAASHVA NAARYAH ||

(One who takes his bath daily increases his BALA (power), ROOPA (beauty and splendour), gets sweet voice, becomes fairer, achieves KOMALTAA (tenderness), SUGANDHA (fragrance), PAVITRATAA (purity), SHOBHA (splendour) and SUKUMARATAA (delicacy)

THE ADVANTAGES OF HAVING FOOD MODERATELY

GUNAASHCHA SHANMITABHUKTAM BHAJANTE ||
AAROGYAMAAYUSHCHA BALAM SUKHAM CHA ||
ANAAVILAM CHAASYA BHAVATYAPATYAM ||
NA CHAINAMAADDYOON ITI KSHIPANTI ||

(One who has food moderately has the following six advantages, not only is he healthy, gets long life (AAYU), strength (BALA) and HAPPINESS (SHUKHA), but also his children are blesse with beauty and no one makes fun of him for eating too much)

DUTY OF A MAN

UTPAADDYA PUTRAANANRINAANSHCHA KRITVAA ||
VRITTIM CHA TEBHYONUVIDHAAYA KAANCHIT ||
STHAANE KUMAAREEH PRATIPAADDYA SARVAA ||
ARANYASAMSTHOTHA MUNIRBUBHUSHET ||

(After giving birth to a son, clearing all their debts, managing a means of earning a livelihood for them, then after arranging the marriages of his daughters, he should lead the life of a recluse in the forest)

MEANESS (ADHAMATAA)

NA SHRADDHAATI KALYAANAM PAREBHYOPYAATMASHAMKITAH ||
NIRAAKAROTI MITRAANI YO VAI SO DHAMAPURUSHAH ||

 

(One who does not believe in KALYAAN (benediction) done by others because of his disbelief in himself keeps his friends away and undoubtedly is an ADHAM (mean) man.)

UTTAMAANEVA SEVETA PRAAPTAKAALE TU MADHYAMAAN ||
ADHAMAANSTU NA SEVETA YA ICHCHHEDA BHUTIMAATMANAH ||

(One who wants his own advancement must do service UTTAM (supreme, best) quality man, If situation so arises, he can also do service to the MADHYAMA (medium) man, but he must never serve an ADHAMA (mean) man)

DEVADRAVYAVINAASHENA BRAHMSVAHARANEN CHA ||
KULAANYAKULATAAM YAANTI BRAHMANAATIKRAMENA CHA ||

(Destroying wealth concerned with the deities, stealing a Brahmin’s wealth and dishonouring him makes the highest caste, a KOOLA and mean (ADHAMA)

AKASMAADEVA KUPYANTI PRASEEDANTYANIMITTATAH ||
SHEELAMETADASAADHUNAAMBHRAM PAARIPLAVAM YATHA ||

(The nature of a wicked man is restless (CHANCHAL) like the clouds, all of a sudden, they become angry and happy without any apparent reason)

INFLUENCES

YADI SANTAM SEVATI YADDASANTAM ||
TAPASVINAM YADI VAA STENAMEVA ||
VAASO YATHA RANGAVASHAM PRAYAATI ||
TATHAA SA TESHAAM VASHAMBHYUPAITI ||

(Just as clothes can be coloured in whichever colour, one wishes, similarly if a man serves a SAJJANA (gentleman), ASSAJANA (evil man), TAPASVI (an ascetic) or an evil, he gets influenced by each of them that is man is influenced by the company he keeps)

DONT’S

NAAKROSHI SYANNAAVAMAANEE PARASYA ||
MITRADOHEE NOTA NEECHOPASEVEE ||
NA CHAABHIMAANEE NA CHA HEENAVRITTO ||
RUKSHAAM VAACHAM RUSHATEEM VARJAYEETA ||

(Neither use foul language on others nor show disrespect to him. Never have enmity with MITRA (friends) and never do a SEVA (service) to a NEECHA (degenerate man), never be lacking in SADAACHAAR, morality and arrogant (ABHIMAAN). Shun dry and angry speech (VAANI))

ARUNTUDAM PARUSHAM RUKSHAVAACHAM ||
VAAKKANTAKAIRVITUDANTAM MANUSHYAAN ||
VIDDYADALAKSHMIKATAMAM JANAANAAM ||
MUKHE NIBADDHAAM NIRRITIM VAI VAHANTAM ||

POWER OF SPEECH

ROHTE SAAYAKAIRVIDDHAM VANAM PARASHUNAA HATAM ||
VAACHA DURUKTAM BIBHATSAM NA SANROKSHATI VAAKSHATAM ||

(A forest even if pierced with arrows and cut with the axe flourishes again but a wound caused by bitter speech never heals)

VAAKSAAYAKAA VADANAANNISHPATANTI YAIRAAHATAH SHOCHITA RAATRYAHAANI ||
PARASYA NAAMARMASU TE PATANTI TAAN PANDITO NAAVASRIJET PAREBHYAH ||

(The VACHANA (SPEECH) is like a BAANA (ARROW). Both of them hurt the heart of a man, as a result of which, the man who has been hurt is badly affected day and night. Hence a learned man should be cautious while speaking)

LIES

YADI SANTAM SEVATI YADDASANTAM ||
HANTI JAATAANJAATAANSHCHA HIRANYAARTHENRITAM VADAN ||
SARVAM BHOOMYANRITE HANTI MAA SMA BHOOMYANTRITA VADEH ||

(One who tells a lie to acquire gold, sends all his past and future generations into hell. One who tells a lie to acquire BHOOMI (land) and STHREE (woman) looses everything and is doomed)

IDENTIFICATION OF A MAN

TRINOLKAYAA GYAYATE JAATARUPAM ||
VRITTEN BHADRO VYAVAHAAREN SAADHUH ||
SHOORO BHAYESHVARTHAKRICHCHHRESSHU DHEERAH ||
KRICHCHHRESHVAAPATSU SUHRIDASHCHAARAYASHCHA||

(Gold is tested in the fire for identification. A virtuous man is identified by his SADAACHAAR (morality). A sage (SAADHU) is identified by his VYAVAHAAR (behaviour). A brave man is identified in BHAYA (fear) that is in dangerous and challenging situation, a DHEERA (patient) man is identified when he is confronted by economic problems, enemies and friends are identified in difficult and trying times)

FOOD

SAMPANNATARAMEVAANNAM DARIDRA BHUNJATE SADAA ||
KSHUT SWADUTAAM JANAYATI SAA CHAADHYESHU SUDURLABHAA||

(Poor (Daridra) people always have tasty food because the intensity of hunger in them is greater than the rich people. On the contrary, rich people, inspite of having all the varieties of food lack hunger)

PRAAYEN SHRIMATAAM LOKE BHOKTUM SHAKTIRNA VIDDYATE ||
JEERYANTYAPI HI KAASHTHANI DARIDRAANAAM MAHEEPATE ||

(Vidur says to king Dhritarashtra that O king, in this world, the rich people do not have the power of hunger whereas the poor people can digest even a piece of wood that is hunger is directly related to physical activities)

AVRITTIRBHAYAMANTYAANAAM MADHYAANAAM MARNAAD BHAYAM ||
UTTAMAANAAM TU MARTYAANAAMAVAMAANAAT PARAM BHAYAM ||

(The lowest type of people fear the absence of means of earning their livelihood, the medium type fear death but the highest type fear disgrace and dishonour)